Tue, Mar 16	The test will in-person, via Blueline. You must bring a laptop to class (or use one of the lab machines). If you must take the exam remotely (e.g., in quarantine), you must arrange it with the instructor ahead of time.
Types of questions	factual knowledge: TRUE/FALSE, multiple choice conceptual understanding: short answer, discussion synthesis and application: explain/trace/modify code, simulate stack/heap management, ... There is a practice mini-test in Blueline with sample questions.
Study advice	review online lecture notes review the text book (if not mentioned in class, won't be on test) look over quizzes, homework assignments reference other sources for examples, different perspectives Take the practice mini-test!
Course material	Overview and History programming paradigms: imperative vs. declarative machine language--> assembly language--> high-level languages language translation: compiled vs. interpreted evaluation criteria: readability, writability, reliability key languages: FORTRAN, LISP, ALGOL, C, C++, Java review of Java, object-oriented programming Syntax and Semantics syntax BNF (EBNF) grammar, derivation, parse tree, ambiguity building precedence & associativity into grammar rules semantics operational, axiomatic, denotational Variables and Bindings static vs. dyamic binding variable attributes name: keyword vs. reserved word, naming conventions type: static (explicit or implicit) vs. dynamic binding type checking, coercion address: static vs. stack-dynamic vs. heap-dynamic (implicit or explicit) value: l-value vs. r-value scope & lifetime: static vs. dynamic scoping Data Types primitive data types integer, floating-point (decimal, fixed-point, rational, ...) boolean, character pointer used for indirect addressing, dynamic memory management dangling reference, garbage reference heap management: can allocate/deallocate in arbitrary order allocate/deallocate from free list memory reclamation: reference counts, garbage collection Partition & Copy vs. Mark & Sweep & Compactify Data and Control complex data types string, enumeration, subrange array subscript types, subscript ranges, multi-dimensional allocation (static vs. fixed stack-dynamic vs. stack-dynamic vs. heap-dynamic) record/struct/class field access, accessibility, variant record/union assignments & expressions control structures counter- vs. logic-controlled loops branching Subprograms subprogram linkage (call & return sequences) parameters positional vs. keyword, default values in mode (by-value) vs. out mode (by-result) vs. inout mode (by-value-result, by-reference, by-name) implementing subprograms activation record, run-time stack static vs. dynamic links